PICK CHART

A PICK chart (Possible, Implement, Challenge and Kill chart) is a visual tool for organizing ideas. PICK charts are often used after brainstorming sessions to help a group identify which ideas have a high payoff and can be implemented easily.

A PICK chart is set up as a large grid, two squares high and two squares across. The PICK acronym comes from the labels for each quadrant of the grid:
Possible - ideas that are easy to implement but have a low payoff.
Implement - ideas that are easy to implement and a high payoff.
Challenge - ideas that are hard to implement and difficult to determine payoff.
Kill - ideas that are hard to implement and have low payoff.

PICK charts are useful for focusing discussion and achieving consensus. Once each idea from the brainstorming session has been placed on the most appropriate square, it becomes easier to identify which ideas should be acted on first.

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WIRESHARK

Wireshark is an open source tool for profiling network traffic and analyzing packets. Such a tool is often referred to as a network analyzer, network protocol analyzer or sniffer.

Wireshark, formerly known as Ethereal, can be used to examine the details of traffic at a variety of levels ranging from connection-level information to the bits that make up a singlepacket. Packet capture can provide a network administrator with information about individual packets such as transmit time, source, destination, protocol type and header data. This information can be useful for evaluating security events and troubleshooting network security device issues.

Wireshark will typically display information in three panels. The top panel lists frames individually with key data on a single line. Any single frame selected in the top pane is further explained in the tool's middle panel. In this section of the display, Wireshark shows packet details, illustrating how various aspects of the frame can be understood as belonging to the data link layer, network layer, transport layer or application layer. Finally, Wireshark's bottom pane displays the raw frame, with a hexadecimal rendition on the left and the corresponding ASCII values on the right.

Because Wireshark can also be used for eavesdropping, an organization using the tool should make sure it has a clearly defined privacy policy that spells out the rights of individuals using its network, grants permission to sniff traffic for security and troubleshooting issues and states the organization's policies for obtaining, analyzing and retaining network traffic samples.

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BIG DATA MANAGEMENT

Big data management is the organization, administration and governance of large volumes of both structured and unstructured data. 

The goal of big data management is to ensure a high level of data quality and accessibility for business intelligence and big data analytics applications. Corporations, government agencies and other organizations employ big data management strategies to help them contend with fast-growing pools of data, typically involving many terabytes or even petabytes of information saved in a variety of file formats. Effective big data management helps companies locate valuable information in large sets of unstructured data and semi-structured data from a variety of sources, including call detail records, system logs and social media sites.

Most big data environments go beyond relational databases and traditional data warehouseplatforms to incorporate technologies that are suited to processing and storing nontransactional forms of data. The increasing focus on collecting and analyzing big data is shaping new platforms that combine the traditional data warehouse with big data systems in a logical data warehousing architecture. As part of the process, the must decide what data must be kept for compliance reasons, what data can be disposed of and what data should be kept and analyzed in order to improve current business processes or provide a business with a competitive advantage. This process requires careful data classification so that ultimately, smaller sets of data can be analyzed quickly and productively

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ESC

1. Short for escape, esc is a key located on the top-left of a computer keyboard that allows a user to cancel or abort operations.

• Computer keyboard help and support.

2. Escape is also shorthand for an escape character, an escape is a single backward slash ( \ ) in Linux, programming, and regular expressions that perform a special function or to have a character treated as plain text and not a function. Below are some examples of how an escape could be used.

\*

The above example would treat the asterisk as a plain text asterisk and not as a wild card or metacharacter.

\.

This next example is similar to the first example because the period is also a wild card, which represents any single character. So, if you need match a period and not every character you must escape it.

\" or \'

The above example would treat the quote character as a quote character and not a beginning or end container. For example, in programming languages such as Perl this is required if you're printing text to a file or the screen that contains a quote. In other words, the command print "This is a \" quote."; would print This is a " quote without escaping the quote in the middle you would receive an error.

\

When a filename or directory needs a space in Linux you can use a backward slash followed by a space, to escape the space in a name. If this isn't done, Linux will treat anything after the space as an option or additional command.

\n

Finally, escape characters are also used in escape sequences, to create a function or command. For example, the above \n would create a newline character to the file or screen. See our escape sequence definition for additional examples.

3. Short for escalation, esc is used to describe or refer to an escalation number dealing with an important customer related issue.

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How to shut down or restart the computer with a batch file

Below are steps on how to restart, shutdown, and hibernate a Windows computer from a batch file or the command line.

Windows Vista, 7, and 8 users
Windows XP users
Windows 95, 98, and ME users
MS-DOS users

Windows Vista, 7, and 8 users

Microsoft Windows Vista, 7, and 8 includes a similar shutdown command feature that XP did to shutdown the computer through the command line, shortcut, or batch files. Below are the steps required for creating a shutdown, restart, and hibernate shortcut.

1. Create a new shortcut.

2. For the location of the shortcut type one of the below commands depending on what you want to do.

To shutdown the computer type the below line in the location text field.

shutdown.exe /s /t 00

To restart the computer type the below line in the location text field.

shutdown.exe /r /t 00

To hibernate the computer type the below line in the location text field.

shutdown.exe /h

3. Click Next, and then for the name of the shortcut type either Shut down, Restart, or Hibernate and then click Finish.

After completing the above steps, double-click the shortcut icon to shut down, restart, or put the computer into hibernation.

Additional information and options about the shutdown command is on our shutdown command page.

Windows XP users

Microsoft Windows XP includes a new shutdown command that allows users to shutdown the computer through the command line, shortcut, or batch files. Below are the steps required for creating a shutdown and restart shortcut.

1. Create a new shortcut.

2. For the location of the shortcut type one of the below commands depending on what you want to do.

To shut down your computer type the below line in the location.

shutdown.exe -s -t 00

To restart the computer type the below line in the location.

shutdown.exe -r -t 00

3. Click Next, and then for the name of the shortcut type either Shut down or Restart and then click Finish.

After completing the above steps, double-click the shortcut icon to shut down or restart the computer.

Additional information and options about the shutdown command is on our shutdown command page.

Windows 95, 98, and ME users

Create a batch file with the lines mentioned below for the action you want to perform.

Restarting the computer

START C:\Windows\RUNDLL.EXE user.exe,exitwindowsexec
exit

Shut down the computer

C:\Windows\RUNDLL32.EXE user,exitwindows
exit

Note: When typing the above two lines, spacing is important. Also, make sure to enter the exit line at the bottom of the batch file in case Windows cannot restart the computer because of the open MS-DOS window.

Microsoft Windows 98 and Windows ME users can also run the below command to perform different forms of rebooting or shutting down.

rundll32.exe shell32.dll,SHExitWindowsEx n

Where n is equal to one of the numbers below, depending on the action you want the computer to perform.

• 0 - LOGOFF
• 1 - SHUTDOWN
• 2 - REBOOT
• 4 - FORCE
• 8 - POWEROFF

MS-DOS users

If you need to restart from MS-DOS, see the debug page for steps on how to write a debug routine to restart these computers.

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NWAM

1. Alternatively referred to as NWPM, which is short for Net Words Per Minute, NWAM is short for Net Words A Minute and is the Gross Words A Minute (GWAM) minus any errors.

For example, if you typed 400 words in five minutes; divide 400 into 5 to get 80 GWAM. If you had errors while typing it is the number of errors divided by the time you typed. If you made 10 errors your error rate is 2 errors a minute (10 / 5 = 2). To get the final value subtract 2 from 80 to get a 78 NWAM.

Note: The equations used to calculate the NWAM may vary.

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POST troubleshooting steps

The Power On Self Test (POST) is a test a computer takes each time the computer is turned on to make sure all the hardware is properly working before trying to load the operating system. If the computer does not pass POST it will not boot. See our POST definition for further information on this term and related links.

Tip: Make sure the computer turns on, if nothing happens (no lights, no sound, no fans, etc.) the computer has a power related issue.

Caution: Some of the steps below recommend removing physical parts within the computer. While in the computer it is highly recommend that you be aware of ElectroStatic Discharge (ESD) and its potential hazards.

Remove new hardware

If any new hardware has been recently added to the computer, remove that hardware to make sure it is not the cause of your issue. If after removing the new hardware your computer works it is likely the computer is either not compatible with the new hardware or a system setting needs to be changed to work with the new hardware device.

Remove any disks or USB devices

Remove any disks, CD's, DVD's that are in the computer and if any USB devices (iPods, drives, phones, etc) are connected disconnect all of them as well. Reboot the computer and see if anything changes.

Disconnect external devices

Remove everything from the back of the computer except the power cable. Turn on the computer and see if it beeps normally. If the computer has never beeped keep the monitor or display connected to see if any change occurs.

Identify beep code

If you are receiving a sequence of beeps see the beep code page for a listing of different beep codes and their explanation or your motherboard or computer documentation. These beep codes are meant to help identify what computer component is failing or bad. If your beep code is not listed, continue troubleshooting.

Check all fans

Make sure all fans are running in the computer. If a fan has failed (especially the heat sink fan for the CPU) your computer could be overheating or detecting the fan failure causing the computer not to boot.

Check all cables

Verify that all the cables are properly connected at that there are no loose cables by firmly pressing in each cable.

• All disk drives should have a data cable and power cable connected to them.
• Your power supply should have at least one cable going to the motherboard. Many motherboards may also have additional cables connected to them to supply power to the fans.

Disconnect all expansion cards

If the above recommendations still have not resolved the irregular POST, disconnect the riser board (if applicable) and each of the expansion cards. If this resolves the issue or allows the computer to POST connect one card at a time until you determine what card is causing the issue.

Disconnect all drives

If you were unable to determine by the beep code what is failing or do not have a beep code disconnect the IDE, SATA, SCSI, or other data cables from the CD-ROM, hard drive, and floppy drive from the Motherboard.

If this resolves your irregular POST or generates error messages re-connect each device until you determine what device or cable is causing the issue. In some situations it can also be a loose cable connection that causes the issue.

Remove the RAM

If you continue to receive the same problem with all the above hardware removed, disconnect the RAM from the Motherboard and turn on the computer. If the computer has a different beep code or if your computer was not beeping and is now beeping turn off your computer and try the below suggestions. Making sure to turn off the computer each time you are adding and removing the memory and then turning the computer back on to see if the suggestion resolves the issue.

1. Re-insert the memory into the same slot.
2. If you have more than one stick of memory remove all but one stick of memory, try rotating through each stick.
3. Try one stick of memory in each slot.

If you are able to get the computer to boot with one or more of the sticks of memory it is likely you are dealing with some bad memory. Try to identify what stick of memory is bad and replace it.

If you are able to get memory to work in one slot but not another slot. You are motherboard is defective you can either workaround the issue by running the memory in a different slot or replace the motherboard.

Power cycle the computer

In some situations a computer may have power related issues often caused by either the power supply or the motherboard. To help determine if this is the cause of your issue try turning the computer on, off, and back on as fast as possible, making sure the computer power light goes on and off each time. In some situations you may be able to temporarily get the computer to boot.

This should only be used as a temporary workaround if you are able to get this to work. Often this is good for users who may have not done a backup and need to get the computer up one more time to copy files before starting to replace hardware.

Disconnect and reconnect the CPU

For users who are more comfortable working with the inside of their computer or who have built their computer one last recommendation before assuming hardware is bad is to reseat the CPU by removing it and putting it back into the computer.

Loose BIOS chip

If your motherboard has a BIOS chip, it can become loose over time due to heat expansion and cause the computer to give an irregular POST. Gently press down on the BIOS chip to make sure it has not become loose.

Bad motherboard, CPU, RAM, or power supply

If after doing all of the above recommendations you continue to have the same issue unfortunately it is likely that you have bad Motherboard, PSU, CPU, or RAM. The next step would be either to replace these components or have the computer serviced. If you plan on doing the repairs yourself or you are a repair shop it is suggested that you replace the Motherboard first, RAM, CPU, and then power supply in that order or try swappable parts from other computers.

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Keyboard error at boot

Keyboard is not connected properly

Verify that the keyboard is connected properly to the computer by turning off your computer and then disconnecting and reconnecting the keyboard to the computer.

Stuck key

Ensure that there are no stuck keys on the keyboard. If all keys appear to be ok and you have a standard Desktop computer with keyboard, turn the keyboard over and gently hit the back of the keyboard to loosen any dirt or hair that may be stuck in the keyboard.

Bad keyboard

Try another keyboard on the computer to verify that the keyboard has not gone bad.

Bad PS/2 or AT port

If all of the above solutions are not able to resolve your issue it is likely that the port (PS/2 or AT) on the back of the computer may be bad and the motherboard or I/O board may need to be replaced.

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3 Basic Tips to Prevent A DDoS Attack

Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks are always in top headlines worldwide, as they are plaguing websites in banks, and virtually of almost every organization having a prominent online presence. The main cause behind the proliferation of DDoS attacks is that there is a very low-cost that the attacker has to incur to put such attack in motion. Fortunately, today various prevention methods have been developed to tackle such attacks. Before delving further into understanding about the ways to prevent DDoS attack, let’s first understand what exactly a DDoS attack is!

Understanding DDOS Attack

A DDoS (distributed denial-of-service) attack is an attempt made by attackers to make computers’ resources inaccessible to its anticipated user. In order to carry out a DDOS attack the attackers never uses their own system; rather they create a network of zombie computers often called as a “Botnet” – that is a hive of computers, to incapacitate a website or a web server.

Let’s understand the basic idea! Now, the attacker notifies all the computers present on the botnet to keep in touch with a particular site or a web server, time and again. This increases traffic on the network that causes in slowing down the speed of a site for the intended users. Unfortunately, at times the traffic can be really high that could even lead to shutting a site completely.

3 Basic Tips to Prevent a DDoS Attack

There are several ways to prevent the DDOS attack; however, here in this guest post I’ll be covering three basic tips that will help you to protect your website from the DDoS attack.

1. Buy More Bandwidth.

One of the easiest methods is to ensure that you have sufficient bandwidth on your web. You’ll be able to tackle lots of low-scale DDOS attacks simply by buying more bandwidth so as to service the requests. How does it help? Well, distributed denial of service is a nothing more than a game of capacity. Let’s suppose you have 10,000 computer systems each distributing 1 Mbps directed towards your way. This means you’re getting 10 GB of data that is hitting your web server every second. Now, that’s causes a lot of traffic!

So to avoid such issue, you need to apply the same rule intended for normal redundancy. According to this technique, if you wish to have more web servers just multiply around diverse datacenters and next make use of load balancing. By spreading your traffic to various servers will help you balance the load and will most likely create large space adequate to handle the incessant increase in traffic.

However, there’s a problem with this method that is buying more bandwidth can be a costly affair. And as you’ll know that the current DDoS attacks are getting large, and can be a lot bigger exceeding your budget limit.

2. Opt for DDoS Mitigation Services.

A lot of network or Internet-service providers render DDoS mitigation capabilities. Look for an internet service provider having the largest DDoS protection and mitigation network, automated tools, and a pool of talented anti-DDoS technicians with the wherewithal to take action in real-time as per the varying DDoS attack characteristics. A viable alternative is to utilize a DDoS prevention appliance, which is specifically intended to discover and prevent distributed denial-of-service attacks.

3. Restricted Connectivity.

In case you have computer systems that are connected to the web directly, a better idea is to properly install/configure your routers and firewall so as to limit the connectivity. For an instance, while receiving some data from a client machine you can only allow traffic to pass from the machine only on a few chosen ports (like HTTP, POP, SMTP etc.) via the firewall.

Wrapping Up!

Websites are largely getting attacked by hackers every second. Denial-of-service attack is insanely getting huge and is creating a lot of problems for business organizations having strong online vicinity. In this guest post you’ll not only understand what a DDoS attack actually means, but will also come to know about a few type of methods to prevent DDoS attacks. Aforementioned are three tips that I’ll recommend you to run through to at least understand where to get started towards building a resilient web network with chances of surviving a DDoS attack.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

source:coolhackingtrick

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Opening Number Of Websites Using Python

So you just started in python programming, and want to prank your arch nemesis. Here i will teach you how to open any website on his computer using python.

Before you begin download and install python

Step 1:
open notepad and type

import webbrowser

In python the "import" statement is used to add a module to your project. In this case we want to add the webbrowser module.

Step 2:

webbrowser.open('http://SITE HERE!.com')

This is calling the open function on your default web browser. You pass it an url in the form of a string.

Possible usages:
You can add as many websites as you want like show below

webbrowser.open('http://coolhackingtrick.com')
webbrowser.open('http://google.com')
url = "http://coolhackingtrick.com";
webbrowser.open(url)

The complete code will look something like below

import webbrowser
webbrowser.open('http://coolhackingtrick.com')
webbrowser.open('http://google.com')
webbrowser.open('http://yahoo.com')
webbrowser.open('http://facebook.com')

Step 3

Save the file as visus.py



source:coolhackingtrick

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Simple Cool Tricks With Chrome Developer Tool

As you probably know, there is a button on the right-click menu of Google Chrome and IE 10+ called ''Inspect element''. This the developer tool. And you can have a lot of fun with it. I'll give you two examples on how to use it in this tutorial.

1. Change the text of a webpage:

You can have fun on webpages just by changing the value of a <span> (a text label). For example, go on the 4shared.com site (a free file sharing site). Then create an account if you don't have one (or just connect with Google, Facebook or Twitter). When you are done, upload something that is heavy (more than 100 MB) by dragging and dropping it on the home page of 4shared. Then you can see an uploading status window on the screen. So right-click on the percentage and click on ''Inspect element''. Now you can see a little window that appears on the bottom of the web browser. There are to ways : either you got the number or you got the % symbol. If you got the number, try to find the symbol below. Then double-click on it and type what you want (Eg: '',000,000 dollars in my bank account'')

2. Get a Non-Crypted password in JS/PhP code:

Some sites are not very safe and just verify the password directly in the PhP/JS code. Then, even if it become rare, you can get the password. Just follow these steps :

1. Find the login form on the website you want to hack
2. Right-click on it and then click on ''Inspect element''
3. Search on the window that appeared ''<form'' and then ''action=''
4. After it, there is a URL, If it ends by ''.js'', just copy it and paste it in the URL bar of your browser
5. If it ends by ''.php'', type ''view-source:'' before pasting the URL
6. Then search something like ''password'' in the code.

WARNING: This method works better with JS than with PHP. Sometimes, there is no URL after ''action='' but just a JS function. Then you have to press Ctrl+U to see the source and search for ''password'' in the whole code.




source:coolhackingtrick

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How to remove Syskey and Administrator password

In this tutorial we will remove Syskey start up password and reset the administrator password. Syskey is the additional layer of security. An average user barely implement it. Scammers take advantage of this tool to scam. Scammers usually contact computer owner identifying himself as a member of Microsoft support team. They will informs you that your PC have number of critical problems, those need to be fix immediately or your system will fail to work properly. They will convince you to allow them to connect system remotely and fix the issues. If you do make the mistake of letting them connect, they will ask you to pay $$$ for fix. If you refuse to pay, they will enacted SysKey encryption on the SAM registry hive.
In Window XP, Security Accounts Management (SAM) database stores hashed copies of user passwords. To keep the SAM database secure, Window requires that the password hashes are encrypted. SAM database is encrypted with a locally stored system key. SysKey utility can additionally secure the SAM database by moving the SAM database encryption key off the Windows-based computer. The SysKey utility can configure a start-up password that must be entered to decrypt the system key so that Windows can access the SAM database.
In this tutorial

• How to set administrator password in Window XP
• How to set syskey in window XP
• How to remove Syskey startup password in window XP
• How to reset administrator password in Window XP

How to set administrator password in Window XP

Administrator is the built in super user account in Window XP. Whenever you install XP, it automatically created. By default administrator account is not password protected, unless you make it during the installation. This account have privilege to access everything in computer. With this account you can change any password on that system. If you have purchased any branded computer like Sony, HCL, Dell, with pre XP installed, you would be able to login to computer with administrator account using blank password.
This account usually doesn't show up on the logon screen and average user don't know it exists. Usually user won't need to use computer under this account very often. You need this account in safe mode or at recovery console.
To set administrator account password Click Start button and Right click on My Computer, from context menu click Manage

From left pane expend Local users and groups, Click Users.
In right pane, Right click Administrator, from context menu Click Set password

Click Proceed on alert message box

Set password and Click OK

Click OK on confirmation message box

We have protected administrator account with password to enhance the security of system.

How to set Syskey in window XP

To enable Syskey encryption, Click Start button and Click Run

In Run dialog box type Syskey and Click OK

From opened dialog box select Encryption Enabled option and Click Update. When this option is selected, Windows will always encrypt the SAM database.

We have two options here Password Startup and System Generated Password, if you do not want to require a startup password use second option.

1. Store Startup Key on Floppy Disk To store the system startup password on a floppy disk. This requires that someone insert the floppy disk to start the operating system. This provides the highest level of protection for the SAM database.
2. Store Startup Key Locally To store the encryption key on the hard disk of the local computer. This is the default option.

Click Password Startup and set password and Click OK

Click OK on success message We have successful setup the Syskey start up password.

Now we have set both password administrator and Syskey.
On next reboot you will get following message.
Startup Password
This computer is configured to require a password in order to start up. Please enter the Startup Password below.

Enter the Syskey password and try to access administrator account with blank password. This time you will get alert message

If you have done above procedure to enhance the security of system, congratulation you have now more secure computer than your colleagues.
But if a scammer has done this, you are in you are in lockout situation.
Very first thing user do in this situation is to call Microsoft or post thread on their support form for help. But it is useless as Microsoft Support Engineers do not help users to get forgotten or stolen password. You will ended up with following policy page
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/189126
Furthermore Microsoft ended support for Windows XP on April 8, 2014. Now you have limited choice to deal with this situation.

• Pay scammer to unlock the pc
• Reinstall window from scratch
• Use third party tool to crack the password
• There are few another methods (reset registry, restore system, use backup etc ) to deal this situation, but they depend upon the availability of backup. We will take them on other tutorials.

In this tutorial we will use a Linux script to crack the password. Before you start make sure

• Microsoft does not recommend to use of any third party tools for cracking the password. At the same time they also do not provide any support to handle this situation. So it's your choice to use this script or not.
• Use this script only if you are the owner of computer or have proper permission. Doing this with someone else's system without permission is illegal.
• In some circumstances window may ask for reauthorization or reactivation.
• This script is only for Window XP, do not use this on Vista, Win7, Win8 or any higher version than Window XP.

How to disable Syskey startup password.

Download the open source Linux script

Script to reset password
Extract the zip file

It contains an ISO file

You need to burn this ISO image. You can use any standard ISO burner software for this purpose.
Or you can download from following URL
Portable disk burning software
Official URL http://infrarecorder.org/?page_id=5
Disk burning software
Official URL http://www.freeisoburner.com/
Burn image to CD, and boot system from this CD ( You need to set boot priority in bios, to boot system from CD/DVD).
Press Enter to boot system from CD

Script will make a quick scan of hard disk and return with all available window installation. Usually there will be only one, unless you have dual operating system installed. Type the disk number (Most probably one, or see the returned result for appropriate number) and press Enter

We need to provide registry files path. Usually script will automatically find the path, all you need to do is just press Enter and go with default selected path

Our primary goal is to reset the password, Type 1 and press Enter

We will first disable the Syskey, Type 2 and press Enter

Type y and press Enter to confirm the Syskey disable.

When you disable Syskey, this script will also invalidate (set to blank) all users passwords from system. You need to reset them as well. From this point you can save change to disk and return to window. Type q and press Enter to return previous menu

Type y and press Enter so script can write the change to disk

If you want, you can run the script again. Type n and press enter.

Remove the disk and reboot the system.
We have successfully disabled the syskey and set administrator password to blank. Now you can login to system with administrator account using blank password. From administrator account you can set password to all other user accounts.

How to reset administrator password in Window XP

If you have disabled the syskey following the above method then no need to run this script again, all users password including administrator will automatically set to blank while you disable the syskey. If you have disabled the syskey protection and only need to reset the administrator password follow these steps.
Boot system from our script disk

Select disk and Press Enter

Press Enter

Type 1 and press Enter

Type 1 to select Edit user data and passwords on chntpw main interactive Menu

Script will list all available user accounts, type the username of account which password you want to change. Administrator account is by default selected, press Enter

Script will fetch the details associated with user account, make sure you have selected right user account. You can set new password directly from the script, but I will not recommend this. Instead of setting new password, we will use option 1 to clear (Set to blank) the password. Type 1 and press Enter

Type ! and press Enter to return to menu

Type q and press Enter

Type q and press Enter

Type y and press Enter to save the change

Type n to exit from script

We have successfully cleared the administrator password. Remove disk and reboot the system and login from administrator account. Once logged in, you can set up the password by following the steps given above.





source:computernetworkingnotes

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Windows 10 keyboard shortcuts you need to know

Windows 10 keyboard shortcuts you need to know

While most PC users are still trying to figure out how to handle Windows 8, Microsoft doesn't want to sit idle: on 29 July 2015, the company started rolling out its new Windows 10 operating system. Being globally launched in 190 countries, the OS boasts a number of new wonderful features, including virtual desktops, improved digital assistant Cortana and tablet mode, revamped core apps, and even more.
It's hardly a surprise that the enhancements Windows 10 comes with required Microsoft to expand its already-broad list of keyboard shortcuts. We've tested the main Windows 10 shortcuts that address the system's new functionality, mostly related to multitasking, and have rounded up the ones you will immediately feel more comfortable with. Want to know special hotkeys to facilitate your Windows 10 experience? Here's our list.

Window Snapping

Compared with the older Windows OS versions, Windows 10 presents brand new support for window snapping. You are now not bound with simple snapping to one half or one quarter of the screen. Instead, you can snap windows vertically, to a 2×2 grid, and even one on top of each other.
Thus, the Windows + Left Arrow or Windows + Right Arrow combinations will let you snap current windows to the left or right side of the screen respectively. Whereas, Windows + Up and Windows + Down arrows will snap them to the top or bottom half of the screen.
If you combine these shortcuts, for instance, hit the Windows + Right Arrow + Up keys, your current window will be snapped to the top right quarter of the screen. Thus, in this same state, applying the Windows + Left or Windows + Down combinations will snap the window to the left or bottom half respectively, allowing you to cycle through the different quadrants of the screen.

Virtual Desktop

Although Windows has long supported multiple desktops, Windows 10 is the first time to see the feature publicly available to users. Even if you got used to working in a single-monitor mode, the option to separate related tasks into their own workspace with multiple desktops wouldn't go amiss at all.
So, if you find yourself keen on multitasking, just apply the Windows + Ctrl + D combination to create a new virtual desktop as well as Windows + Ctrl + Left / Right Arrow Key to switch between multiple desktops without the need to go through the multi-task view. In case you need to close the current desktop without any additional hassle, just hit Windows + Ctrl + F4 which will automatically switch you to the next virtual workspace.
Windows + Tab will open the task view (all your desktops and open apps), while pressing Alt + Tab keys will let you switch between open windows on all virtual desktops.

Command Prompt

The Command Prompt window in new Windows 10 also gets some new shortcuts that, unfortunately, may not be enabled by default. So, to set the hotkeys you'll need to open a Command Prompt window (for instance, by running cmd.exe from the Windows Start Menu), right click on the title bar, and go to Properties. Then, inside the Options tab, untick 'Use legacy console' and make sure that the 'Enable new Ctrl key shortcuts' as well as the two text selection options are activated.
Shift + Left / Right Arrow highlights a character to the left/right of the cursor, extending the text selection.
Shift + Up / Down Arrow moves the cursor up/down a line, selecting the text along the way.
Ctrl + Shift + Left / Right Arrow selects one word to the left/right of the cursor.
Shift + Home / End moves the cursor to the beginning/end of the current line, selecting the text along the way.
Ctrl + V or Shift + Insert pastes the text from the Windows clipboard at the cursor.
Ctrl + C or Ctrl + Insert copies the selected text to the Windows clipboard.
Ctrl + A selects the text in the current line; in case the line is empty, the combination selects the entire buffer.
Sure enough, Windows 10 comes with a much wider hotkeys list, not to mention that you're free to set your own task-specific shortcuts in a matter of time. So, as it's been mentioned before, we've tried to pick up the main convenient keyboard shortcuts to boost your productivity, but if you have some combinations to complete the list, you're very welcome to share your thoughts and experiences n the comments below.




 source:articles.informer

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